Sooner or later, thin grooves and skin folds - wrinkles appear on the face of every woman. They can have different depths, but modern cosmetology methods can make them less noticeable and even completely eliminate them. Moreover, due to the proper care of the facial skin, you can delay their appearance for years.
Let's consider the types of wrinkles and their causes, as well as ways to eliminate them and methods of prevention.
Types of wrinkles on the face
By locationCosmetologists identify wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and around the eyes, which are called "crow's feet".
In addition, there are nasolabial folds, marionette lines that run from the corners of the lips down to the chin, and small purse lines that appear above the upper lip.
In terms of depth, wrinkles are superficial, medium-deep and deep.
- Surface wrinklesaffects the upper layer of the skin - the epidermis. As a rule, they are small, there can be many of them and they can occupy a large area. Such wrinkles, which form a network of cracks, are most often caused by dry skin.
- Medium deep wrinklesappear when superficial wrinkles develop and deepen into the middle layer of the skin - the dermis. This is mainly due to the fact that special cells called fibroblasts begin to synthesize less collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid.
- Deep wrinklesit is formed primarily in the areas of natural skin folds. Their development is associated with processes in the skin and subcutaneous fat, muscle hypertonicity, structural features of the face, and even genetic predisposition.
The tactics of preventing wrinkles and dealing with them depend on the causes of their formation, so they should be given more attention.
The main reasons for the appearance
There are several main factors that contribute to the formation of deep pits or fine lines on our skin.
Natural aging
As a rule, age-related wrinkles begin to appear on the face after the age of 40. In response to the decrease in the production of female sex hormones, collagen production decreases, the rate of cell renewal decreases, and the skin loses moisture and elasticity.
In addition, gravitational ptosis can occur with age. When the soft tissues of the face weaken and lose elasticity, it becomes difficult to resist the force of gravity, so the oval part of the face is deformed, the skin begins to sag, and wrinkles and deep wrinkles form.
Active facial expressions
Thanks to active facial expressions, you can have visible wrinkles until the age of 20. The point is that our facial muscles are attached to the skin and move by the contraction and stretching of the muscles. If the facial muscle contracts regularly, over time the skin in the area of activity stops straightening and superficial wrinkles form, which can later turn into deep ones.
Habits that we often don't notice about ourselves, such as frowning, raising or furrowing our eyebrows, squinting, and laughing, cause wrinkles.
Photoaging
Prolonged exposure to UV radiation on the skin causes cell damage and so-called photoaging. UVA rays disrupt the processes occurring in the epidermis, and also destroy collagen and elastin in the dermis. As a result, the skin of the face becomes weak, dehydrated and wrinkles appear.
Wrong care
The formation of wrinkles is often associated with dehydration of the skin and disruption of the process of exfoliation of the horny cells of the epidermis. That's why skin care, including regular cleansing, nutrition and hydration, is extremely important.
If you don't follow these steps or use the wrong cosmetics, you can age your face prematurely and cause wrinkles.
In addition, genetic predisposition and dry skin type may be to blame for the early appearance of noticeable wrinkles.
Aggravating factors
In addition to the main causes, there are several additional factors that lead to the formation and deepening of wrinkles.
Health problems
Dental and jaw problems can cause wrinkles on the face. Some wrinkles, such as nasolabial folds and nasolacrimal grooves, are more visible due to swelling and stagnation of fluid in the tissues.
Deterioration of skin quality and the appearance of sagging and wrinkles can be a manifestation of diseases of internal organs such as endocrine glands, liver, kidneys or lungs.
Stress
Constant stress can also cause wrinkles. During severe emotional stress, there is an increase in the production of cortisol, which slows down the production of collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts. As a result, the facial skin loses its turgor, i. e. , its ability to return to its original state after compression, and wrinkles form.
During stress, the blood vessels of the skin spasm and the facial muscles tense up. All this gradually leads to the appearance of wrinkles.
Bad habits
Any bad habits affect the beauty of our face.
Passive lifestyleit worsens vascular tone and lymphatic drainage, makes the skin less elastic and prone to wrinkles.
Sleeping late and constant lack of sleepit leads to dehydration of the skin and cuts off the precious time the body uses to regenerate the epidermis. The less hours you sleep a day now, the more wrinkles you will have on your face in a few years.
Poor nutritionages the skin. Strict diets, especially those with an insufficient amount of protein, cause the skin to have nowhere to take material to build tissue. An abundance of carbohydrates in the diet, including sweets, causes "sugaring" of collagen fibers, so they become brittle and lose their elasticity. All this leads to premature aging and the appearance of wrinkles.
To smoke- is one of the main bad habits that affect the appearance of your face. Tobacco smoke contains many harmful compounds that cause skin diseases, dehydration, loss of antioxidants in the skin, and poor blood circulation. Smokers have a higher risk of developing deep wrinkles than non-smokers.
Wrinkles are often caused by a combination of several reasons.
Wrinkle treatment methods
There are many ways to smooth wrinkles and make your skin firm, fresh and radiant again.
Facial massage
Thanks to a good hand and machine massage, you can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, saturate tissues with oxygen, stimulate regenerative processes in the skin, and eliminate swelling.
In addition, hand massage allows you to relax the deep muscles, return them to their previous length and condition, and therefore correct facial wrinkles.
The course of procedures has a clear effect, but even after one session, wrinkles are less noticeable and the face looks fresher and younger.
Despite the apparent harmlessness of massage, this method of wrinkle correction has contraindications. It is impossible to stimulate blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in the case of oncological, blood diseases and enlarged lymph nodes for any reason. Also, massage is contraindicated for neuralgia and skin problems: exacerbation of herpes, purulent inflammation and allergies.
People prone to allergic reactions should not use essential oils when massaging their face.
Pickled peels
Superficial and medium peels using cosmetic products containing acid are effective in fighting wrinkles.
Surface peelinghelps to exfoliate the upper keratinized cells of the facial skin, accelerate the process of renewal of the epidermis, even out the texture and color of the skin, and eliminate small superficial wrinkles. As a rule, salicylic, lactic or glycolic acid or a mixture of lactic and salicylic acid is used for this procedure.
Medium peelingit penetrates deeper into the dermis, stimulates the active synthesis of collagen and hyaluronic acid, renews the skin and smoothes or reduces wrinkles of medium depth. It causes peeling and the appearance of crusts, requires recovery time and the use of special care products, but has a more pronounced effect. With its help, glycolic, trichloroacetic acid or yellow bark is most often used to eliminate wrinkles, post-acne and other skin problems.
However, without knowing how to properly apply the peel, you can cause dermatitis even with a product that contains a small amount of acid. Therefore, it is better to contact a cosmetologist for the procedure.
Botulinum therapy
Injections of drugs based on botulinum toxin are actively used to eliminate crow's feet, wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and other areas. It temporarily immobilizes the wrinkle-forming muscle, its fibers relax, regain their previous length, and straighten the skin layer.
The effect lasts for six months, after which the procedure must be repeated.
Botox itself is not dangerous and does not cause intoxication, because microscopic doses of neurotoxin are used to correct wrinkles. However, the correction of wrinkles should be done only by a specialist - a cosmetologist who knows the structure of the face well, because complications are possible if the drug is applied incorrectly.
Among the most unpleasant side effects are ptosis of the eyelids, drooping of the eyebrows and impaired mobility of the lips.
Plasmolifting
With the help of plasma injections with a high platelet content obtained from your own blood, it is possible to stimulate skin regeneration processes and eliminate wrinkles.
Platelets contain growth factors that activate collagen and elastin production by fibroblasts. Thanks to them, plasma lifting restores the firmness and elasticity of the skin, helps to eliminate expression lines and age-related wrinkles, gives a lifting effect and improves the complexion.
The same technique is used to stimulate hair growth on the head.
Plasmolifting is safe because the patient's own cells are used as medicine. .
However, like any cosmetic procedure, such injections against wrinkles have contraindications. These are bleeding disorders, taking antithrombotic drugs, oncology with metastases, and purulent inflammatory skin diseases.
Mesotherapy
Mesotherapy is effective for correcting wrinkles and preventing aging - microinjections of hyaluronic acid, vitamins, amino acids and other useful substances selected by a beautician depending on the needs of the skin of the face into the desired area.
In addition to the components of the drug, microtrauma caused by a thin needle has an effect. They stimulate the skin's self-renewal processes and the production of collagen and elastin.
Mesotherapy is good for moisturizing dry skin and fighting the first signs of aging, including superficial wrinkles.
It has a short recovery period: bumps left on the skin after injections disappear after a few days.
The result of the procedures - reducing the depth of wrinkles - lasts a year and a half.
However, in addition to traditional contraindications, mesotherapy is not suitable for those suffering from serious kidney diseases. And it is important to remember that there is a risk of an allergic reaction to the drug.
Smas lifting
Compared to plastic surgery for lifting, SMAS lifting helps to eliminate superficial and medium-deep wrinkles, make nasolabial folds less pronounced and improve the shape of the face.
For this procedure, the device emits ultrasound that penetrates deep into the skin to the muscle layer and stimulates the production of collagen and elastin.
The cosmetologist specially treats the areas of the face with wrinkles within 30-90 minutes. In this case, the patient feels heat, slight tingling and tightness of the skin.
The most noticeable effect, including the correction of facial wrinkles, is achieved about six months after the procedure and lasts for more than a year. In this case, only one session every few years is enough.
Contour plastic
Another option to correct wrinkles is contour plastic surgery. During the procedure, a filler for age and expression lines is injected - biodegradable hyaluronic acid gel or a person's own fat tissue. The injection fills the cavity, smooths the skin and gives the face a more youthful appearance.
The same technique is used to restore harmonious facial proportions, including the contours and volume of the lips.
The effect of non-surgical contouring lasts up to two years.
But this is quite a serious procedure to remove wrinkles, it should be done only by a professional doctor and only with certified drugs. Poor-quality filler, wrongly selected density or incompetent injection under a wrinkle can cause the opposite effect - the appearance of unevenness and even tissue fibrosis or a violation of facial expression.
Fractional photothermolysis
Fractional photothermolysis can be used to remove wrinkles of any depth and restore skin elasticity. The procedure uses a fractional laser. Its beam, divided into small rays, penetrates deep into the skin and damages it pointwise, stimulates regeneration processes and activates collagen production.
Because the laser works in a certain step and does not process all tissues, the recovery is very fast.After the procedure, red dots appear on the face for a short time, but there is no serious thermal burn.
After only one session, a clear rejuvenating effect and the disappearance or reduction of wrinkles is noticeable.
The procedure is moderately painful and there is a recovery period.
Laser peeling
In addition to fractional, that is, targeted photothermolysis, general laser peeling is used to fight wrinkles, during which the entire face is treated evenly. By steaming tissue areas, it removes dead cells layer by layer, and the depth of action can be superficial or medium.
The effect of the anti-wrinkle procedure is similar to acid peels, except that instead of acid, a laser is used for exfoliation.
A few sessions of laser rejuvenation can smooth fine lines and reduce deep age and expression lines.
However, there is more damage after a medium laser peel than a fractional exposure, so a longer recovery period is required.
It is best to consult a cosmetologist to choose the optimal procedure to fight wrinkles. He will evaluate the condition of the facial skin and the general condition of the body, indications and contraindications for the use of various cosmetic methods against wrinkles and will recommend the most effective and safe method.
Preventing wrinkles: advice from a beautician
By taking good care of your skin and replacing some bad habits with healthy ones, you can prevent the formation and deepening of wrinkles.
Care that will keep your skin young
A high-quality cleansing, moisturizing, skin nourishing and UV protection treatment will help delay the appearance of wrinkles.
Cosmetologists recommend using acids to exfoliate old cells.
Cosmetic products containing hyaluronic acid are especially good for moisturizing the skin and preventing wrinkles.
To stimulate collagen production and protect its fibers, you should pay attention to cosmetics containing retinol, peptides and antioxidants.
In addition to basic care - creams that protect the skin during the day and restore it at night, you can also use serums with concentrates of useful substances to prevent wrinkles.
Instead of choosing cosmetics by trial and error, it is better to make an appointment with a beautician. He will write the optimal care program for you, choosing the products that suit your skin's needs.
Habits that will help delay the appearance of wrinkles
A few more recommendations will help slow down the formation of wrinkles.
- A dream. It is useful to sleep at least 7 hours a day to restore facial skin.
- Water. To activate the metabolic processes of the skin, you need to drink enough water - about 2 liters per day.
- Nutrition. A balanced diet with plenty of protein, fatty acids and vegetables is necessary to create healthy, firm and wrinkle-free skin. At the same time, it is important to limit flour and sweets.
- To work.It is necessary to move for good blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in the facial area. Not only any sports activity is suitable, but also walking in the fresh air.
- Rest. To prevent wrinkles, it is important to learn to relax the facial muscles. Both visiting a massage parlor, self-massage, and psychological experiments will help with this.
- Quiet. To prevent premature aging of the skin and the appearance of wrinkles, it is advisable to learn to cope with stress and let it into your life as little as possible.
Proper care and lifestyle changes will improve the health and appearance of your facial skin, as well as reduce the number of wrinkles that will appear in the future.
Trust experienced cosmetologists, take care of your appearance, sign up for cosmetic procedures in professional centers with qualified doctors.